AIN
– Advanced Intelligent Network
SS7
(Signaling System 7)
Advanced intelligent networks have become a buzz word
in telecommunications today. Each carrier has its own version and interpretation
of these smart networks, but virtually all use SS7 to implement their AIN. While each version may differ, the concept of AIN is
the same. Before calls are sent to their final destination, the network queries
a database asking, "what should I do with this phone call?" The
response determines how the call is handled. This is a tremendous saving
of resources, since the call does not have to be attempted if the remote end is
busy. In addition, if offers all kinds of advanced features, such as
distinctive ring, caller ID, 900 number blocking, enhanced Toll-Free features,
etc.
Advanced intelligent networks operate over SS7 (Signaling System 7).
SS7 is an industry standard for transmitting signaling information in a
switched network. It is designed to efficiently transfer information between
network Signaling Points and interconnected networks.
SS7 utilizes out-of-band signaling to improve call processing setup times.
Signaling information is sent ahead of a call, over a separate channel, to
establish and control network connections. This set-up information includes
supervisory signals (answer, non-answer), billing information (who called whom
and for how long) and network management signals such as maintenance test
signals and routing information.
Advanced intelligent networks generally include three basic elements:
Signaling Points (SPs)
SPs are digital telephone switches that query the SCP for customer-specific
instructions on how to handle a call. They reside inside the DMS switch and
convert the call to be SS7 compatible.
Signal Transfer Points (STPs)
STPs are high-speed packet switches that shuttle queries/responses between SPs
and SCPs.
Service Control Points (SCPs)
SCPs are computers holding databases of customer-specific information. It is
accessed by the network for call routing information.